The formula used in the urea reduction ratio (URR) calculator is: URR = (U pre - U post )/U pre x 100 = (1 - U pre /U post) x 100. Originating in 1991 as a measuring method to correlate dialysis efficiency with patient outcome, the URR permits quick monitoring of dialysis parameters. In most countries, pre- and post-dialysis urea nitrogen
One of the constituents of urea is nitrogen. The BUN test measures this nitrogen from the blood. The amount of urea is approximately double the nitrogen estimated from the BUN test. So, for example, if the BUN test value of a patient is 12mg/dl, it means that urea level is around 24.5mg/dl. The end goal of dialysis is a healthy and, if possible
In the United States only the nitrogen component of urea is measured (the blood urea nitrogen, i.e., BUN), which is roughly one-half of blood urea. The normal range for BUN is between 5 – 20 mg/dL [ 1 ]. To convert from mmol/L into mg/dL, divide by 0.357. The range is wide because there are many factors that affect blood urea levels [ 1 ]:
Although elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN)-to-creatinine (BUN/Cr) ratio at hospital admission has been reported to be associated with poor short-term prognosis, its association to long-term mortality in patients with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) remains to be elucidated. Moreover, an additive prognostic value to preexisting renal markers including creatinine and BUN has not been
Causes of Low and High BUN Level. The low level of BUN can be caused by excessive consumption of liquids, insufficient high protein food intake, liver damage, rhabdomyolysis, which is muscle injury, excessive use of medications, lung disease, cancer or cirrhosis. Men have higher BUN level then women. The blood urea nitrogen/creatinine ratio (BUN/Cr) has been extensively used in clinical medicine for the differentiation of prerenal RD from intrinsic renal parenchymal disease. 7 The discriminative ability of BUN/Cr is based on the intrarenal mechanisms governing tubular urea handling. Urea is then excreted into the gastrointestinal system and into the urine. Within the intestinal tract, gut bacteria, particularly coliforms and anaerobes in the colon and cecum, convert dietary amino acids and urea into ammonia and CO 2, using microbial urease. Some of this ammonia is, in turn, converted to ammonium hydroxide which raises the 血尿素氮（BUN）检测是一种常见的血液检测，可以提供有关肾脏工作情况的重要信息。. BUN 检测可测量血液中的尿素氮含量。. 肝脏在分解人体细胞所使用的蛋白质后产生含有氮元素的氨气。. 氮与其他元素（例如碳、氢和氧）结合后形成尿素，尿素是一种化学 Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) is a well-known marker of renal function, and hence its serum concentrations vary according to changes in glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Recent studies 7 − 9 have also shown that BUN correlates with neurohormonal activation parameters. .
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    • convert urea to bun